Dear all,
نویسندگان
چکیده
The PhoP-PhoQ two-component system is commonly used by bacteria to sense environmental factors. Here, we show that the PhoP-PhoQ system of Edwardsiella tarda detects changes in environmental temperature and Mg concentration, as well as regulates the type III and VI secretion systems through direct activation of esrB. Protein secretion is activated from 23C to 35C or at low Mg concentrations but it is suppressed at or below 20C, at or above 37C, or at high Mg concentrations. The effects of temperature and Mg concentration are additive. The PhoQ sensor domain has a low Tm of 37.9C and it detects temperatures through a conformational change of its secondary structure. Mutation of specific Pro or Thr residues increased the stability of the PhoQ sensor drastically, altering its temperature sensing ability. The PhoQ sensor detects Mg concentration through the direct binding of Mg to a cluster of acidic residues (DDDSAD) and through changes that likely affect its tertiary structure. Here, we describe for the first time the use of PhoP-PhoQ as a temperature sensor for bacterial virulence control.
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